JEL Code
H55, H60, I30, J10, J26.
Abstract
As U.S. Social Security approaches insolvency, this paper analyzes the program’s challenges through a political economy lens and makes two new contributions. First, it introduces a normative triad framework for evaluating retirement systems based on individual autonomy, fiscal sustainability, and poverty alleviation. Second, it applies this framework to five advanced economies—Canada, Germany, New Zealand, Sweden, and the U.S.—to identify institutional features associated with differences in outcomes. Deriving implications for U.S. reform, we propose four recommendations: transition Social Security to a flat-benefit system, slow benefit growth, adopt automatic stabilizers, and expand flexible savings options.
Recommended Citation
Boccia, Romina and Nachkebia, Ivane
(2026)
"Analyzing Retirement Systems through a Triad Framework: Lessons for U.S. Reform,"
Journal of New Finance: Vol. 4:
No.
1, Article 1.
DOI: 10.46671/2521-2486.1045
Available at:
https://jnf.ufm.edu/journal/vol4/iss1/1
Publication Date
6-19-2026